Cesarean Delivery (L.S.C.S): What You Should Know

A Cesarean delivery, or Lower Segment Cesarean Section (L.S.C.S), is a surgical procedure in which a baby is delivered through incisions made in the mother’s abdomen and uterus. This may be planned in advance or performed as an emergency during labor if complications occur. Common reasons for a C-section include a breech or transverse baby position, a large baby head, high-risk maternal conditions (like high blood pressure or infections), a previous C-section, placenta or umbilical cord issues, failure of labor to progress, or fetal distress. Although C-sections are generally safe, they are major surgeries and come with potential risks such as infections, bleeding, blood clots, organ injury, longer recovery times, and complications in future pregnancies. Preparation is key: expectant mothers should consult their doctors early, complete necessary prenatal tests, and plan for post-delivery support due to a longer recovery period. During the procedure, anesthesia (usually spinal or epidural) is administered. A low abdominal and uterine incision is made, and the baby is safely delivered and handed over to the pediatric team. If desired, sterilization (tubal ligation) can also be done at this time. The uterus and abdomen are then stitched with dissolvable sutures. Recovery usually involves a 3–4 day hospital stay, followed by 4–6 weeks of rest. Mothers should avoid heavy lifting and sexual activity during this period and watch for signs of infection such as fever, swelling, or unusual discharge. Emotional well-being is just as important—seek support if experiencing sadness or mood swings, which may signal postpartum depression.